Mouth: Problems Of The Oral Cavity

Mouth Oral cavity problems are not an unusual fact

Everyone faces them from time to time. Such problems can involve the gums, the tongue, the lips, the inner face of the cheeks, the palate and floor of the cavity, the oropharyngeal region or the teeth. They may feel permanent sensations of dryness in the mouth or the taste of food may be perceived differently, an unpleasant smell may appear in the mouth , there may be pustules on the gums, cheeks, tongue, it may make eating or speaking difficult. Such problems seem complicated, numerous and serious, but most improve and disappear in the presence of adequate treatment.

Problems Of The Oral Mouth Cavity

Oral thrush – presents as ulcerative lesions in the mouth.The tongue, within the cheeks, and within the lips are where they most normally appear. They are not contagious, but they tend to recur. The lesions are painful and greatly affect speaking and chewing. It begins in childhood or adolescence in the form of round or ovoid ulcers with well-defined edges, erythematous halo around them and yellow-white content. It affects approximately 20% of the population and their natural course is towards self-healing and finally complete remission.

Stomatitis is the medical term for the inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the inside wall of the mouth. It is quite painful and the main cause is infections and local hygiene deficient. The patient with stomatitis has difficulty feeding (or even avoids eating) and mainly consumes very soft foods or exclusively liquids. Because they bring few calories to the body, the patient loses a lot of weight. Other symptoms are: hypersalivation, general reddening of the mouth, irritability, vomiting after meals, decreased appetite and bad breath. Patients can also have constipation and moderate fever.

Impetigo – Most Often Affects The External, Perioral Area.

Herpetic ulcers – appear by reactivating the latent infection with herpes simplex 1 that is dormant in the trigeminal ganglia. They occur in 20-40% of young adults seropositive for HSV1.

Numerous, tiny ulcers that heal in a month arise as a result of intraoral herpes. The lesions are bullous, small and tend to expand.

Infections – viral or bacterial ( epiglottitis , sexually transmitted diseases ). Infections located at this level are more dangerous if they cause swelling of the tongue with blockage of the airways.

Angular cheilitis – presents itself in the form of painful lesions, very sensitive to palpation, located in the corner of the mouth. Its etiology is varied: infection, diet poor in vitamins, keeping the mouth closed for a long time.

Chapped lips– appear due to dehydration or environmental conditions (strong wind, low temperature or excessive heat). Such a problem can be quite serious and can affect the patient in the long term. The skin on the surface of the lips is actually a mucous membrane, so in order for it to remain smooth, it must be properly hydrated. Chapped lips are unsightly, dry, rough, red, tend to peel and are very sensitive to touch and even painful.

Xerostomia: Understanding the Causes, Risks, and Treatment

Xerostomia – (the feeling of dry mouth) can be caused by dehydration , anxiety or it can appear as an adverse reaction to the administration of multiple medications. Accordingly, Xerostomia associates the risk of various infections, gingivitis anddental caries . It determines difficulties in swallowing, mastication, speech. Patients may have concomitant shortness of breath . Such a problem occurs in Sjogren’s syndrome , in menopause , in elderly patients or in the case of those who have undergone radiotherapy in the cervical area.

Generalized pains – appear either in inflammatory processes or in injuries. Pain occurs most frequently in oral cavity cancer , in aphthous stomatitis, in candidiasis , in erythema multiforme, dermatitis herpetiformis, celiac disease , ulcerative colitis , Reiter’s disease , anemias ,systemic lupus erythematosus . They can also appear as part of the adverse effects of the administration of various drugs, such as converting enzyme inhibitors, pancreatin, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Leukoplakia – represents the appearance of whitish areas inside the oral cavity that do not disappear. They are thick and quite hard to the touch and the most common causes of their appearance are mouth irritations (especially in the case of those who smoke unfiltered cigarettes). The term leukoplakia used to describe all whitish lesions on the surface of the oral mucosa, but nowadays it is reserved only for lesions of unknown origin or those that are considered to be in the premalignant stage.A small proportion of these lesions run the risk of developing and turning malignant. Most of the white lesions in the mouth are of a keratosis nature and appear as a result of rubbing the mucous membrane of the teeth or are a consequence of smoking.

Oral Candidiasis: Understanding the Painful Infection and its Impact on Oral Health

 Oral candidiasis – it caused by Candida albicans infection. It characterized by the appearance of whitish pseudomembranous crusts with acute or chronic evolution. Candidiasis can associated with angular cheilitis. Patients complain of diffuse pain in the mouth and in some cases also the alteration of taste. The whitish plaques adhering to the mucosa are difficult to remove and leave an inflamed and relatively painful area at the respective site, which has a tendency to bleed.

Changes in taste: patients can describe the appearance of a metallic . Taste in the mouth (especially in intoxication or overdose of certain drugs), the abolition of the taste or its modification. Problems can also occur with the tongue – it can change its size or appearance. A tongue overloaded with food debris or bacteria can take on the appearance of a hairy tongue. This problem can be removed if the patient carefully cleans his tongue during daily brushing. If this kind of problem is due to the action of some local irritating agents (such as chronic tobacco consumption). Removing the harmful stimulus can also eliminate the basic problem. The rapid increase in volume of the tongue can occur following the onset of allergic reactions.

Bad Breath: Unmasking the Causes and Finding Fresh Solutions

Bad breath (halena) can be due to acute or chronic diseases located in the oral cavity or systemic conditions. Such as: lung infections, bronchiectasis , lung abscesses, appendicitis , gastroenteritis. Diabetes or liver problems (in this case, halena it is called hepatic fetor and has a specific smell). However, dental issues, gingivitis, tooth decay, or just poor oral hygiene are the main causes of bad breath. The problem disappears by brushing the teeth correctly . Stopping smoking , using mouthwash and dental floss.

The consumption of alcohol and tobacco can cause problems. And increase the risk of an oral pathology, not infrequently serious, as is the case with cancer of the oral cavity .

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